CHILD LABOUR IN INDIA

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12th June is celebrated as the World Day against Child Labour

Child labour refers to involvement/employment of children below a certain age. This leads to deprivation of child rights and exploitation of the children as well as missing out on school education.

Reasons for high prevalence of child labour in India includes-


  • Poverty - as many families live below poverty line, there is a tendency to employ their children into labour market to augment income of the family
  • Illiteracy - many families fail to realize the value of education and indulge in child labour to get short term gain of child's income. School reach at upper primary level is also less than adequate.
  • Lax implementation of Child labour prohibition law - by the authorities
  • Society does not reject Child labour - Therefore, many small shops freely employ children below 14years in their shops,
  • Organized Crime - leads to trafficking of children and using them in criminal acts, begging, etc.

Following are various legal mechanisms in place-


  • Child Labour (Prohibition) Act- to ensure that children below 14 years of age are not employed. And children between 14-18 years of age are not employed in hazardous activities, mining, etc
  • Right to Education Act, 2009 which gives a constitutional right to children below 14 years of age to get school education.
  • India has ratified United Nations Convention on Protection of Child Rights.
  • India recently ratified ILO conventions 138 and 182, which deals with eliminating child labour.
  • Various provisions of CrPC & IPC that prevent human trafficking, child labour.
  • Various measures by government such as PENCIL portal by Ministry of Labour.
Above measures need to be implemented in letter and spirit along with social awareness on
this issue to protect the rights of children. Also the RTE may be extended in scope to include
secondary education and increase the reach of upper primary school.

SOURCE:- CHANAKYA IAS

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